Chapter the First, in which we explain
A bear called Edward, who came downstairs
A hundred years ago today, Methuen published a small book of ten stories that A. A. Milne had written for his son, Christopher Robin. The stories were about the boy’s toys: a teddy bear bought at Harrods for his first birthday, a donkey with a loose tail, a very small pig, and a kangaroo with a baby in her pocket. Ernest H. Shepard drew them in pen and ink, walking the paths of Ashdown Forest in Sussex, where the Milnes had a country house, to get the trees right.
The bear had been Edward Bear. He became Winnie-the-Pooh after two real animals. Winnie was a black bear at London Zoo, brought from Canada by a soldier named Harry Colebourn and named after his home town of Winnipeg. Pooh was a swan that Christopher Robin used to feed. Milne explains both in his introduction, and then gives up on explaining: “So perhaps the best thing to do is to stop writing Introductions and get on with the book.”
“I do remember,” he said, “only Pooh doesn’t very well, so that’s why he likes having it told to him again. Because then it’s a real story and not just a remembering.”Christopher Robin, Chapter I
The book has never been out of print. Since 1 January 2022 the original 1926 text and Shepard’s 1926 drawings have been in the public domain in the United States, which is why everything on this page can be shown in full. The pictures here are scans of the first Canadian printing, transcribed by volunteers at Project Gutenberg.
- 1914
Lieutenant Harry Colebourn buys a bear cub in Ontario and names her Winnipeg. She spends the rest of her life at London Zoo.
- 1921
Christopher Robin Milne is given a teddy bear for his first birthday. It is called Edward.
- 1924
When We Were Very Young, Milne’s first book of verse, includes a poem about a teddy bear.
- 1925
On Christmas Eve the London Evening News prints the first Pooh story, about the wrong sort of bees.
- 1926
Winnie-the-Pooh is published on 14 October, with decorations by E. H. Shepard.
- 1928
The House at Pooh Corner follows, and Tigger bounces in.
- 1987
The real toys, including Pooh, Eeyore, Piglet, Kanga and Tigger, go on display at the New York Public Library. Roo was lost in an orchard in the 1930s.
- 2022
Winnie-the-Pooh enters the US public domain on 1 January.
- 2026
The bear turns one hundred.

